The children adopted abroad can recover very well from their initial medical problems, but some may continue to encounter problems after their arrival in their new home. In the study Quebec on children adopted abroad, parents reported that 12.1% of children had an illness or disability that were not apparent when they arrived.. Some risks postadoption for children adopted abroad and their families, including medical problems, developmental, behavioral, mental health and others, will be reviewed here.

1. GROWTH ISSUES:
Malnutrition can be common among children adopted abroad. For example, a study of American medical texts on international adoption has shown that all the studies reviewed showed "high rates of anemia, as well as weight and size too small".
It is generally believed that the problems of malnutrition are resolved easily with a suitable scheme. The long-term consequences of malnutrition at an early age are not well understood, and some researchers believe it may help to cause long-term impairment of attention and behavioral disorders. In general, however, an early rehabilitation in cases of malnutrition at an early age can greatly reduce any consequence in the long term. The most important factor is the age of the child over the period of deprivation is long, less complete recovery is probable.


In some cases of malnutrition, diagnosis and recovery can be complicated by concomitant medical problems, including anemia food or hereditary (up to 30 to 40% among children adopted abroad, on the strength of two studies), parasitic infections, lactose intolerance, gluten intolerance or other problems. In some cases, eating disorders can have an impact on the recovery of a child suffering from malnutrition, "because sometimes a child who suffered from malnutrition or which has been presented for food and beverages in an abusive manner (for The plague then denying) has lost the ability to recognize hunger and thirst ".
Rickets, a deficiency in vitamin D and calcium may be a consequence of malnutrition, in addition to result in bone and muscle weak and poorly developed. A doctor suggested that rickets is "probably present in 100% of children adopted in China, although it is not apparent to the observer". Other practitioners believe that rickets is an unusual disorder in children adopted abroad. With adequate food, rickets is resolved and the body is growing. However, "some babies and children may need supplemental vitamin D for weeks, months or years" and must be subject to medical supervision to ensure an appropriate mix. Rickets can also contribute to growth retardation (see below) among children placed in an institution.

2. DISEASE:
Infectious diseases curable 46 seem to be common among children adopted abroad, especially those who come from establishments where infections can spread quickly. Among infectious diseases include respiratory tract infections (pneumonia), ear infections, diarrhoeal diseases (viral infections, salmonella, shigella, campylobacter), "exotic" diseases (such as typhoid fever or Cholera), heliobacter pylori (which causes stomach ulcers), malaria and measles.
A Canadian study of 123 children adopted in China, Russia and other Asian countries has shown that 65.5% of the children in China, 43.6% of those from other parts of Asia, and 7% of those from Russia arrived with respiratory infections, and 10% in China, 18% of those in other parts of Asia and 31% of those coming from Russia with intestinal infections.
A study of Minnesota 2291 on children adopted across the world between 1990 and 1998 showed that 17% of children were suffering from chronic infections of the ear. These infections, untreated, make children more likely to suffer from hearing loss.
The parasitic infections appear common among children adopted abroad. If they are not treated, they can contribute to malnutrition and growth retardation. A study of 452 children adopted from China in Massachusetts showed that 11% had intestinal parasites. A study of adopted children in Romania showed that 33% were infected with intestinal parasites. Parasites such as scabies or lice seem equally common among children adopted abroad, because they spread quickly in schools overcrowded. These parasites are infectious and can contaminate other children and family members, in which case it may be necessary to treat the entire family. A report found that up to half of children adopted abroad to study suffered from intestinal parasites.
Hepatitis A is a viral disease usually transmitted by food or water infected. It has a high prevalence in all developing countries and can spread easily in institutions such as nurseries and orphanages. Hepatitis A is generally not a dangerous disease among otherwise healthy people but can be very serious or life-threatening in people already suffering from hepatitis B or C.
These diseases are usually easily treated with appropriate medical care and are rarely problems in the long term. In addition to a medical supervision, one of the most important precautions for parents adopting children abroad is to be attentive to hygiene to prevent the spread of infection, for example by washing hands carefully with soap and of the water and making vaccinate family members against viral infections preventable. If not treated, infectious diseases and parasites can lead to stunted growth, malnutrition, developmental delays and long-term consequences of failure to thrive in infants and children.

3. LEARNING PROBLEMS:
The with learning disabilities are part of a very broad category of problems linked to the difficulty in processing information on the World. "Children diagnosed as having a learning disorder normally learning strategies, concepts of time and physical abilities underdeveloped, of attention deficit disorder, disorders of perception, memory and the space, and an inability to follow instructions from their peers. There has been no studies on children adopted abroad on the prevalence of disorders of learning. Research on specific problems learning are reviewed below.
The child suffers from a disorder of the sensory integration (TIS) does not address adequately the information he receives from his senses. The sensory information is received by "the five senses - touch, smell, sight, hearing and taste - as well as other sensory experiences such as the movement, sensation and consciousness gravity his own body (proprioception). This information is processed, which means interpreted, organized and integrated by the brain, as part of the normal development of children.
Very little research has been done on TIS among children adopted abroad. A study has examined the problems of sensory processing among 73 adopted children in orphanages in Romania by American families.  Respondents were asked parents to fill out a list of behaviors indicative of clinical characteristics of sensory processing disorders, the highest scores indicating more behavior problems. The researchers found that Romanian children had significantly higher notes that a group (of normal child development in the United States) for five of the six areas tested sensory processing, or touch, avoiding a motion seeking a movement, sight and hearing, and only the areas of taste and smell have not presented significant differences between groups. Unrest development of sight and processing visual information are problems processing sensory problems other than focusing and other sight problems. No research has been conducted in children adopted abroad, and it has no information on prevalence rates.
Unrest Information Processing hearing are hearing other than hearing loss where it does not see any problem with the sensory organs. There are many types of disorders Information Processing hearing, including hearing disorders central auditory sensitivity, and the slow processing of information. Very little research has been conducted on the problems of information processing hearing in children adopted abroad. A clinical study on eight adopted children from Eastern Europe determined that the shortcomings that they suffered about the receptive language (comprehension) were widespread.
Delays at the level of verbal expression and language were detected in 30 to 60% of children adopted abroad The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association believes that 20% of children adopted abroad suffer no language disorders, that 60% of them will have temporary problems of language and 20% of long-term problems.
According to the study of Minnesota does for the children to have acquired social skills preverbal at the time of adoption was an indicator of the speed with which these children had subsequently learned English in their American families. The types of skills preverbal studied included the ability to use social skills to obtain a desired object, the ability to react to social signals of another person (eg a person who shows the finger), the ability to take the initiative in social activities and share experience with another person (eg. show a toy to someone). In this study, adopted children or fourteen months later were less likely to try to share their experience with others.
Currently, there is little information on the language learning among children adopted at a later age or the long-term effects of deprivation or a change of language early in children adopted abroad. For example, "Some children adopted abroad may have problems learning and subtle language, which can not be easily detected in a survey of parents, and that may not become apparent until the child reaches the age school. A study of children adopted by Norwegian parents, for example, suggests that these problems may be more subtle than frequent delays more obvious as to the verbal expression and language, and that proportion up to third internationally adopted children suffering from language disorders . Similar results were observed in Sweden.